Product of caramel.



* after the caramel has been Warren srrrrns Parnur formers.

PRODUCT 9F CARAMEL.

no. ceases.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 28, 1903.

Applieation filed October 9, 1905. Serial No. 282,013-

To' usZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE DAVID LionrENs'rniN, chemical manufacturer, :2. subject of the King of the'British Dominions, residing at Silvertown, near London, England,

have invented a certain new and useful Chemical Compound or Product of Caramel and following is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of new compounds from or with caramel. I take caramel, which is the product of the dc saccharization, byheat or byheat and certain chemical substances, of sugar, glucose, mo lasses, or similar saccharine or carbohydrate matter. I combine the caramel Witl'r a boron compound, such as borate of potash, soda,'or ammonia.

In carrying my invention into eiiect I add to an aqueous solution of caramel, at a specific gravity of about 1.400 and a temperature of about 90 centigrade, from ten to fif teen per cent. of melted meta-borate of soda and stir the mixture. Violent chemical re action takes lace, and the mixture increases in bull subsides, and solidifies. I ma moderate or control the reaction. by adding to the caramel about twenty per cent. of water or by adding the borate in aqueous solution and by lowering the temperature. The product thus obtained is a thick paste, which is afterward packed in closed vessels for use, or it is allowed. to dry, when it may be ground to powder.

I have described the caramel suitable for my invention as de'sac'oharized in order to indicate that an under-desaccharized or an overdesaccl1arized material is less suitable. Caramel is desaccharized if the conversion of sugar into caramel has been carried just far enough for the complete destruction of the characteristic properties of en ar; such as sweetness, reducing power, an rotation of rays of polarized light. charization may be ascertained by sub cct1ng a sample to Fehlings test or other known tests. Pure caramel'that is, the product urified by dialyrocess for Producing-tho Same, of which the sisgives a better result wit ordinary undialyzed caramel; but it is not necessary to employ pure caramel for all my sive properties The degree of sacless borate than purposes, nor do i confine myself to portions and method given. above.

The compound or composition obtained as described in its dry condition a hard black 5: substance which may be ground to a powder and is soluble in water. When moist, it naturally and readily throws 03 the water in contact with tmospheric air and becomes dry, unlike o iary caramel, which is always more or less h; roscopic. When mixed with a suitable quantity of water, it has high adhesive or agglutinating properties, and it isv suitable for many purposes for which ordinary caramel cannot be used-for instance, for photographic negatives to is known to photographers as the pro ration.

Vihat .l claim is 1. As a new chemical product, a boro com pound. of caramel, being in its dry condition a hard blacii substance soluble in watcl, and when mixed -with Water possessing high adheand readily giving off its water to the an, substantially as described.

2. The process for the roduction of a boro compound of caramel, w. 'ch consists in causing a borate to act oncaramel with the aid of heat, suli stantiailv as described.

3. The process tor the reduction of a boro compound of caramel, W ch consists in cansing a borate to act on dialyzed caramel with the aid oi heat, substantially as described.

' 4-. 'lfhe rocess for the reduction of a boro compound of caramel, w ich consists in causing amelted borate to act on an aqueous so .lution of dialyzed caramel with the aid of heat, substantially as described. 7

5. The process iorthe production of a boro compound of caramel, which consists in mix- 9o ing melted meta-borate of soda with a hot aqueous solution of caramel, and allowing the said materials to act upon each other, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto in the witnesses.

set my hand 5 presence of two subscribing rrmo. i). Lrcrrrnnsrum."

Witnesses:

EDWARD Ln .Vm, Gusmvs GEORGE Gnos. 

